EULAR recommendations for use of antirheumatic drugs in reproduction, pregnancy, and lactation: 2024 update(2025)

Linda Rüegg, Andrea Pluma , Sabrina Hamroun, Irene Cecchi, Luis Fernando Perez-Garcia, Philip O Anderson, Laura Andreoli, Sara Badreh Wirström, Vladimira Boyadhzieva, Christina Chambers, Nathalie Costedoat-Chalumeau, Radboud J E M Dolhain, Rebecca Fischer-Betz, Ian Giles, Carina Gøtestam-Skorpen, Maria Hoeltzenbein, Francesca Marchiori, Karoline Mayer-Pickel, Anna Molto, Catherine Nelson-Piercy....Frauke Förger

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 2025, , ISSN 0003-4967, PMID: 40287311.

Belimumab use during pregnancy: a summary of birth defects and pregnancy loss from belimumab clinical trials, a pregnancy registry and postmarketing reports. (2023)

Petri M, Landy H, Clowse MEB, Gemzoe K, Khamashta M, Kurtinecz M, Levy RA, Liu A, Marino R, Meizlik P, Pimenta JM, Sumner K, Tilson H, Connolly MB, Wurst K, Harris J, Quasny H, Juliao P, Roth DA.

Ann Rheum Dis. Feb;82(2):217-225. doi: 10.1136/ard-2022-222505. Epub 2022 Oct 5. PMID: 36198440

British Society for Rheumatology guideline on prescribing drugs in pregnancy and breastfeeding: comorbidity medications used in rheumatology practice.(2022)

Schreiber K, Frishman M, Russell MD, Dey M, Flint J, Allen A, Crossley A, Gayed M, Hodson K, Khamashta M, Moore L, Panchal S, Piper M, Reid C, Saxby K, Senvar N, Tosounidou S, van de Venne M, Warburton L, Williams D, Yee CS, Gordon C, Giles I;

Rheumatology (Oxford). 2022 Nov 2:keac552. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac552. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36318967

Executive Summary: British Society for Rheumatology guideline on prescribing drugs in pregnancy and breastfeeding: comorbidity medications used in rheumatology practice. (2022)

Schreiber K, Frishman M, Russell MD, Dey M, Flint J, Allen A, Crossley A, Gayed M, Hodson K, Khamashta M, Moore L, Panchal S, Piper M, Reid C, Saxby K, Senvar N, Tosounidou S, van de Venne M, Warburton L, Williams D, Yee CS, Gordon C, Giles I;

Rheumatology (Oxford). 2022 Nov 2:keac559. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac559. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36318970.

Biological and Methotrexate Survival after Pregnancy in Patients With a Rheumatic Disease (2022)

Tahmasian H, Smeele HTW, de Jong PHP, Dolhain RJEM, van Mulligen E.

Front Pharmacol. 2022 Mar 9;13:826034. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.826034

Analysing cord blood levels of TNF inhibitors to validate the EULAR points to consider for TNF inhibitor use during pregnancy (2021)

Ghalandari N, Kemper E, Crijns IH, Wolbink G, Rispens T, Smeele HT, Dolhain RJ.

Ann Rheum Dis. 2021 Sep 7:annrheumdis-2021-221036. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-221036. Online ahead of print. PMID: 34493490

Filgotinib og mannlig fertilitet (2021)

Relis

Medications in pregnancy and breastfeeding (2020)

Tosounidou S, Gordon C

Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. Apr;64:68-76

Paternal safety and antirheumatic medications (2020)

Bermas B

Best Pract Res Clin Obst Gyn Apr;64:77-84

Paediatric infections in the first 3 years of life after maternal anti-TNF treatment during pregnancy (2020)

Bröms G, Kieler H, Ekbom A, Gissler M, Hellgren K, Leinonen MK, Pedersen L, Schmitt-Egenolf M, Toft Sørensen H, Granath F.

Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2020 Jul 24. doi: 10.1111/apt.15971. Online ahead of print. PMID: 32706178

The effect of paternal exposure to immunosuppressive drugs on sexual function, reproductive hormones, fertility, pregnancy and offspring outcomes: a systematic review (2020)

Perez-Garcia LF et al

Hum Reprod Update Nov 1;26(6):961-1001 Aug 2020

A systematic review of the safety of non-tumor necrosis factor inhibitor and targeted synthetic drugs in rheumatic disease in pregnancy (2020)

Ahmed K, Giles I, Nguyen H, Flint J

Clin Med March 2020

2020 American College of Rheumatology Guideline for the management of Reproductive Health in Rheumatic and Musculosceletal Disease (2020)

Sammaritano LR et al

Arthritis Care Res 2020;72:461-488 og 2020;72:529-556

Prednisolon i høye doser og amming (2019)

Relis

Lack of placental transfer of certolizumab pegol during pregnancy: results from CRIB, a prospective, postmarketing, pharmacokinetic study (2018)

Mariette, X., Forger, F., Abraham, B., Flynn, A. D., Molto, A., Flipo, R. M., ... Chakravarty, E. F.

Ann Rheum Dis, 77(2):228-233. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-212196

Safety of anti-rheumatic drugs in men trying to conceive: A systematic review and analysis of published evidence (2018)

Mouyis, M., Flint, J. D., & Giles, I. P.

Semin Arthritis Rheum. doi:10.1016/j.semarthrit.2018.07.011

Risk of preterm delivery and small-for-gestational-age births in women with autoimmune disease using biologics before or during pregnancy: a population-based cohort study (2018)

Tsao, N. W., Sayre, E. C., Hanley, G., Sadatsafavi, M., Lynd, L. D., Marra, C. A., & De Vera, M. A.

Ann Rheum Dis, 77(6), 869-874. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-213023

Exposure Concentrations of Infants Breastfed by Women Receiving Biologic Therapies for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Effects of Breastfeeding on Infections and Development (2018)

Matro, R., Martin, C. F., Wolf, D., Shah, S. A., & Mahadevan, U.

Gastroenterology, 155(3), 696-704. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2018.05.040

Minimal to no transfer of certolizumab pegol into breast milk: results from CRADLE, a prospective, postmarketing, multicentre, pharmacokinetic study (2017)

Clowse, M. E., Forger, F., Hwang, C., Thorp, J., Dolhain, R. J., van Tubergen, A., . . . Hale, T. W.

Ann Rheum Dis, 76(11), 1890-1896. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-211384

The effects of pregnancy on the pharmacokinetics of infliximab and adalimumab in inflammatory bowel disease (2017)

Seow, C. H., Leung, Y., Vande Casteele, N., Ehteshami Afshar, E., Tanyingoh, D., Bindra, G., . . . Panaccione, R.

Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 45(10), 1329-1338. doi:10.1111/apt.14040

Adalimumab long-term safety: infections, vaccination response and pregnancy outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2017)

Burmester, G. R., Landewe, R., Genovese, M. C., Friedman, A. W., Pfeifer, N. D., Varothai, N. A., & Lacerda, A. P.

Ann Rheum Dis, 76(2), 414-417. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-209322

Outcome of pregnancy and neonatal complications with anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha use in females with immune mediated diseases; a systematic review and meta-analysis (2017)

Komaki, F., Komaki, Y., Micic, D., Ido, A., & Sakuraba, A.

J Autoimmun, 76, 38-52.

Pregnancy outcomes after exposure to tocilizumab: A retrospective analysis of 61 patients in Japan (2016)

Nakajima, K., Watanabe, O., Mochizuki, M., Nakasone, A., Ishizuka, N., & Murashima, A.

Mod Rheumatol, 26(5), 667-671. doi:10.3109/14397595.2016.1147405

EULAR recommendations for women's health and the management of family planning, assisted reproduction, pregnancy and menopause in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and/or antiphospholipid syndrome (2016)

Andreoli, L., Bertsias, G. K., Agmon-Levin, N., Brown, S., Cervera, R., Costedoat-Chalumeau, N., . . . Tincani, A.

Ann Rheum Dis. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-209770

BSR and BHPR guideline on prescribing drugs in pregnancy and breastfeeding-Part I: standard and biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs and corticosteroids (2016)

Flint, J., Panchal, S., Hurrell, A., van de Venne, M., Gayed, M., Schreiber, K., . . . Giles, I.

Rheumatology (Oxford). doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kev404

BSR and BHPR guideline on prescribing drugs in pregnancy and breastfeeding-Part II: analgesics and other drugs used in rheumatology practice (2016)

Flint, J., Panchal, S., Hurrell, A., van de Venne, M., Gayed, M., Schreiber, K., . . . Giles, I.

Rheumatology (Oxford), 55(9), 1698-1702. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kev405

Tocilizumab use in pregnancy: Analysis of a global safety database including data from clinical trials and post-marketing data (2016)

Hoeltzenbein, M., Beck, E., Rajwanshi, R., Gotestam Skorpen, C., Berber, E., Schaefer, C., & Ostensen, M.

Semin Arthritis Rheum, 46(2), 238-245. doi:10.1016/j.semarthrit.2016.05.004